Indexing

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic posed unprecedented challenges to healthcare systems worldwide, necessitating rapid restructuring of hospital services to ensure patient and staff safety while maintaining continuity of care. This article describes the development and implementation of a comprehensive COVID-19 preparedness and patient safety programme at District General Hospital Nawalapitiya during the early stages of the pandemic in Sri Lanka. The initiative involved establishing isolation units, intermediate care pathways, triage systems, infection control measures, patient education strategies, and communication networks. A multidisciplinary, system-level approach was adopted in alignment with national and international guidelines. The programme successfully enhanced infection control, improved patient flow, minimized hospital transmission risks, and ensured safe and efficient healthcare delivery during a critical period. This paper highlights the importance of proactive planning, coordinated teamwork, and adaptive system redesign in managing public health emergencies.

Keywords: COVID – 19 Preparedness, Intermediate Care Centre, Isolation, Triage System.

Title: Hospital COVID-19 Preparedness and Patient Safety Programme: A System-Level Quality Improvement Initiative at District General Hospital Nawalapitiya

Author: Somaratne CJK, Weraduwage K, Raqeeb A, Pathiranage KPWC

International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)

ISSN 2349-7807

Vol. 13, Issue 2, April 2026 - June 2026

Page No: 55-59

Paper Publications 

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 16-April-2026

Abstract: Effective planning, policy making, and decision making depend on the availability of accurate hospital information. Hospital information storage is done though international accepted International Classification of Disease 10^threvision. Accurate diagnosis is vital for accurate coding. Ministry of Health has issued a circular (No-01 05/99) for the documentation of Bed Head Ticket (BHT) including writing the correct diagnosis. Objective of the study was to assess the quality of documentation in Bed Head Ticket in a ward of the District General Hospital Sri Lanka. One of the medical wards randomly selected for the study. Descriptive cross-sectional study was done to achieve objective. Three hundred eighty-four BHTs of selected ward belonged to the last quarter of 2025, were assessed by using data extraction sheet to check that diagnosis are according to the circular No-01-05/99. Out of 384 BHTs diagnosis was available in 350(91%) BHTs meanwhile legibility to read was 339 among available BHTs. In 32(9.5%) BHTs were written block capital letters as in circular 01-05/99 of 26/02/1999. Abbreviations were used to write diagnosis in 130 BHTs (38.3%).  As current activities and future developments of the hospital are based on accurate information. Therefore, priority should be given to appropriate hospital information management process. Accurate coding is dependent on comprehensive and accurately written diagnosis. Therefore, it is essential to enter comprehensive and accurate diagnosis in the BHTs. An interventional package to improve documentation of diagnosis   and further comprehensive studies on improving quality of diagnosis documentation are recommended.

Keywords: Bed Head Ticket, Diagnosis, Availability, Legibility, Adequacy).

Title: Assessment of the Quality of Diagnosis Documentation in Bed Head Ticket in a Selected Ward of a District General Hospital in Sri Lanka

Author: Indika Wanninayake, Jayani Marasinghe, Sucharitha Dharmasena

International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)

ISSN 2349-7807

Vol. 13, Issue 2, April 2026 - June 2026

Page No: 52-54

Paper Publications 

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 14-April-2026

Abstract: This study examines the influence of financial literacy on the growth of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Nairobi City County, where limited financial knowledge and constrained access to financial services continue to hinder business performance and sustainability. Adopting a cross-sectional explanatory design, primary data were collected from 384 SMEs using structured questionnaires and analyzed through descriptive, correlation, and multiple regression techniques. The findings reveal that financial literacy significantly and positively influences SME growth, with financial product knowledge emerging as the most influential predictor, followed by budgeting skills and debt and liability management. These results indicate that financially literate SMEs are better equipped to make informed decisions, efficiently allocate resources, and sustain long-term growth. The study concludes that financial literacy is a critical strategic capability for enhancing SME competitiveness. It recommends strengthening financial education programs, promoting access to tailored financial products, and supporting SME capacity-building initiatives, while future research should adopt longitudinal designs and advanced analytical models.

Keywords: Budgeting Skills; Debt Management; Financial Literacy; Financial Product Knowledge; Nairobi City County; SME Growth.

Title: Financial Literacy on SMEs Growth in Nairobi City County

Author: Omiti Collins Odiwuor, Kariuki Grace Muthoni

International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)

ISSN 2349-7807

Vol. 13, Issue 2, April 2026 - June 2026

Page No: 43-51

Paper Publications 

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 13-April-2026

Abstract: The rapid integration of artificial intelligence into K–12 educational platforms has generated unprecedented volumes of learner interaction data, yet many schools lack structured mechanisms to translate these data into actionable strategic insights. This review paper proposes a comprehensive Business Intelligence framework designed to bridge learning analytics and institutional decision-making in primary and secondary education systems. The study synthesizes contemporary research on AI-powered adaptive learning systems, predictive analytics, dashboard architectures, and data governance models to construct a multi-layered framework that aligns operational analytics with school-level strategic objectives.

The proposed framework integrates data ingestion pipelines, AI-driven analytics engines, performance visualization dashboards, and executive-level reporting systems to support evidence-based planning in curriculum design, student support interventions, teacher performance evaluation, and resource allocation. Particular emphasis is placed on predictive modeling for early identification of at-risk students, prescriptive analytics for intervention planning, and KPI alignment with institutional performance benchmarks. The review further examines interoperability standards, ethical AI implementation, explainability requirements, and data privacy considerations specific to minors in educational environments.

By conceptualizing educational analytics within a Business Intelligence architecture rather than isolated reporting tools, this paper advances a strategic lens through which K–12 institutions can transform raw learner data into sustainable academic performance improvements, operational efficiency gains, and equitable learning outcomes. The framework offers a scalable model suitable for public school districts, private institutions, and hybrid digital learning ecosystems seeking data-driven transformation.

Keywords: Business Intelligence; Learning Analytics; AI-Powered Education; K–12 Strategic Decision-Making; Educational Data Governance.

Title: A Business Intelligence Framework for AI-Powered Educational Platforms Linking Learning Analytics to Strategic Decision-Making in K-12 Schools

Author: Maduabuchukwu Augustine Onwuzurike, Joy Onma Enyejo

International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)

ISSN 2349-7807

Vol. 13, Issue 2, April 2026 - June 2026

Page No: 21-42

Paper Publications 

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 11-April-2026

Abstract: Overcrowding in general medical wards, increasing patient complexity, and rising demand for subspecialty care present significant challenges to healthcare delivery in resource-limited settings. Traditional ward structures often result in delayed diagnoses, prolonged hospital stays, and inefficient resource utilization.

To establish a model medical subspecialty ward to deliver focused, multidisciplinary, and efficient specialist care while reducing overcrowding in general medical wards and improving patient outcomes.

A quality improvement initiative was implemented at District General Hospital Nawalapitiya beginning in 2023. The intervention involved creating a dedicated medical subspecialty ward with structured multidisciplinary teams, standardized care pathways, and fast-track admission systems. Data sources included patient feedback, ward-level discussions, and transfer records to tertiary care centres.

The implementation of the subspecialty ward resulted in improved patient flow, reduced overcrowding in general medical wards, enhanced multidisciplinary collaboration, and improved staff satisfaction. The results of the project were tangible and significant. From August 2023 to August 2025, Haematology admissions increased from 321 to 403, Dermatology from 131 to 155, Pulmonology from 158 to 208, and Cardiology from 88 to 233, indicating an overall rising trend across these specialties. Average length of stay decreased to 2.3 days from 4.5 days, reflecting earlier subspecialty input and more coordinated care. Bed occupancy rate decreased from 67% to 52% after the establishment of Medical Subspecialty Ward, easing congestion in general medical wards and improving access for acute admissions. Nurses and allied health professionals reported greater role clarity and professional recognition, while doctors benefitted from embedded subspecialty learning. The hospital also reduced unnecessary referrals to tertiary centres strengthening system integration at regional level.

Establishing a dedicated medical subspecialty ward significantly improves efficiency, patient-centred care, and healthcare delivery outcomes. This model demonstrates a scalable approach for optimizing hospital services and strengthening health systems.

Keywords:  Hospital efficiency, Medical Subspeciality Ward, Multidisciplinary care, Patient-centred care, Quality improvement, Subspecialty care.

Title: Establishment of a Model Medical Subspecialty Ward to Deliver Specialist Care Productively: A Quality Improvement Initiative at District General Hospital Nawalapitiya - Sri Lanka

Author: Somaratne CJK, Weraduwage K, Raqeeb A

International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)

ISSN 2349-7807

Vol. 13, Issue 2, April 2026 - June 2026

Page No: 15-20

Paper Publications 

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 10-April-2026

Abstract: Delays in receiving laboratory investigation reports and inappropriate utilization of on-call laboratory services can compromise patient care, increase institutional costs, and burden healthcare systems. Efficient laboratory workflows are essential for timely diagnosis, treatment decisions, and overall service quality.

To optimize laboratory investigation processes by improving workflow efficiency, ensuring appropriate prioritization of investigations, reducing unnecessary on-call testing, and enhancing timely report delivery.

 A quality improvement initiative was conducted at District General Hospital Nawalapitiya beginning in early 2024, following problem identification in late 2023. Retrospective audits, registry data analysis, and key informant interviews were used to assess workflow inefficiencies. A color-coded investigation system (routine–white, urgent–red, on-call–yellow), separate registries, and staff awareness programs were implemented. A re-audit was conducted regularly up until three months to evaluate outcomes.

Post-intervention analysis demonstrated significant improvement in workflow efficiency. Routine investigations were consistently processed within standard working hours, while on-call investigations were appropriately restricted to after-hours. Urgent investigations received prioritization. [Insert numerical data: % improvement, turnaround times, cost reduction].

A simple, low-cost, process-driven intervention significantly improved laboratory efficiency, reduced unnecessary expenditure, and enhanced patient care. This model demonstrates a scalable and sustainable approach to healthcare quality improvement in resource-limited settings.

Keywords: Laboratory optimization, Quality improvement, Workflow efficiency, Healthcare management, Diagnostic services.

Title: Optimizing Laboratory Investigations through Process Innovation: A Quality Improvement Initiative at District General Hospital Nawalapitiya – Sri Lanka

Author: Somaratne CJK, Weraduwage K, Raqeeb A, Pathiranage KPWC

International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)

ISSN 2349-7807

Vol. 13, Issue 2, April 2026 - June 2026

Page No: 8-14

Paper Publications  

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 10-April-2026

Abstract: Breastfeeding difficulties and low maternal confidence are major contributors to postnatal readmissions and high referrals to Lactation Management Centres (LMCs). These place avoidable strain on healthcare services. The structured, interactive antenatal education may enhance maternal preparedness, improve breastfeeding outcomes, and reduce postnatal healthcare burden.

The project objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary, interactive antenatal education program in improving maternal knowledge, confidence, and newborn care outcomes, while reducing lactation-related referrals and readmissions.

This quality improvement project was conducted at District General Hospital Nawalapitiya from April–July 2025, targeting mothers ≥36 weeks’ gestation. Exclusions included mothers <36 weeks, emergency admissions, and conditions requiring continuous monitoring. Interactive sessions were delivered by a multidisciplinary team, including medical officers, midwives, nursing officers from the LMC, and Quality Management Unit staff. Pre and post-session questionnaires assessed maternal knowledge and confidence, and monthly referral and readmission data were compared between pre- (Jan–Mar) and post-intervention (Apr–Jul) periods.

LMC referrals decreased from 54–70% pre-intervention to 35–49% post-intervention. Lactation-related readmissions dropped from 10 per month pre-intervention to 3–4 per month post-intervention (~60% reduction). Maternal knowledge and confidence improved significantly, and staff reported smoother postnatal workflow and enhanced maternal engagement.

Early, interactive, multidisciplinary antenatal education strengthens maternal confidence, improves breastfeeding outcomes, and reduces postnatal healthcare utilization. The Cradle with Care model provides a scalable framework for improving maternal-newborn care in hospital and community settings.

Keywords: Breastfeeding, Antenatal Education, Quality Improvement, Maternal Confidence, Lactation Management, Postnatal Readmissions.

Title: Cradle with Care – Building Safer Futures for Newborns: A Quality Improvement Initiative to Enhance Maternal Confidence and Reduce Lactation-Related Readmissions

Author: Somaratne CJK, Weraduwage K, Raqeeb A, Pathiranage KPWC, Nidharshani KWC

International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)

ISSN 2349-7807

Vol. 13, Issue 2, April 2026 - June 2026

Page No: 1-7

Paper Publications 

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 09-April-2026