Indexing

Abstract: With the incorporation of virtual reality and augmented reality, Metaverse is revolutionising traditional marketing and advertising techniques. In order to successfully and economically generate significant profit, it is helpful to look beyond the traditional methods of attracting new consumers. For a variety of target audiences, Metaverse is committed to developing a seamless brand experience with increased consumer interaction. Marketers and businesspeople have understood that the next generation of consumers will be more interested in the Metaverse. In this new digital world, virtual reality, 3D, and artificial intelligence can create engaging and impactful commercials for the younger generation. Several companies have begun collaborating strategically to launch their products in the Metaverse. This paper throws light on metaverse it’s application and the merits associated with it.

Keywords: Metaverse, virtual connectivity, advertising.

Title: Metaverse Marketing – Redefining marketing strategies in the Digital Era

Author: Dr. AmolMurgai

International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)

ISSN 2349-7807

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 150-155

Paper Publications 

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 24-September-2022

Abstract: Universities are expected to contribute the economic growth of the country by preparing the graduates with necessary academic skills. Students are focusing more on knowledge or the course contents but put less effort on the skill that are inventible for them to master in their chosen field.  This study is focusing on the perception of accounting graduates of UTAS about employability skill that they should possess. The study found that the students feel Learning and Development skills are not necessary for employability irrespective of gender or the year of study. Learning and Development skills include working in teams, able to adapt technology, communication skills, lifelong learning and problem solving skills. When subject knowledge is compared with the year of study, the authors found that the students did not give importance to subject knowledge as well. However, Life/Career skills are considered to be valuable skills by the students whether it is compared with gender or year of study. The authors recommend that the students must be educated on the importance of Learning and development skills and subject knowledge, which will help them in securing a good job in the future. It will also help to solve the unemployment problems in the society.

Keywords: Employability skills, subject knowledge, students, University, Accounting, Unemployment problems.

Title: A study on Accounting students’ perception on employability skills in University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Muscat

Author: Dr. Anitha Ravikumar, Mr. Gopalan Puthukulam, Dr. Anupam Sharma

International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)

ISSN 2349-7807

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 145-149

Paper Publications 

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 23-September-2022

Abstract: This study is intended to establish the effect of strategic planning on the performance of seed processing companies in TransNzoia County, Kenya. The specific objective of the study was to identify the effect of resource availability on organizational performance in seed processing companies in TransNzoia County.  The study is guided by the Resource based theory. The study adopted a descriptive research design with a target population of 89 management staff of the seed companies.  Data collection instrument was questionnaire. Piloting was done to test the validity and reliability of the data collection instruments. The data was then be analyzed using SPSS version 26 and presented through tables and graphs. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics that is a linear regression model for the study. From the findings, resource availability (β = 0.769) was found to be positively related to organizational performance in seed processing companies in TransNzoia county, Kenya. The study recommends that the management of seed companies should ensure that regular budgeting and reviews in its strategic planning and that resource availability, outcome waste or within minimum use of resources such as energy, finances, labor and time critically in driving the success of any organization. The management of seed companies should come up with regular training programs to equip employees with latest skills, knowledge, and abilities, with the aim of building organizational capabilities and improving organizational performance. The results of the study should be relevant to the management of the seed processing companies within and without TransNzoia County.

Keywords: Strategic Planning, Resource Availability.

Title: Strategic Planning and Organizational Performance in Seed Processing Companies in Trans Nzoia County, Kenya

Author: Thomas Kipkemboi Tanui, Dr.  Elizabeth Nambuswa Makokha, Dr.  Duncan Nyaberi

International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)

ISSN 2349-7807

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 134-144

Paper Publications 

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 23-September-2022

Abstract: Procurement practice is charged with adoption of sourcing strategies to radically improve performance in organizations. Despite the importance of sourcing strategies, a culture of noncompliance by some organizations and lack of sound procurement systems has contributed to poor procurement performance. James Finlay Kenya Limited continues to face major challenges in managing its overall operating cost due to increase of sourcing cost as indicated in a survey report of 2015. The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between strategic partnership sourcing and procurement performance in James Finlay Limited Kenya. The location of the study was James Finlays Limited, Bomet County Kenya. Correlation and cross-sectional research design was utilized in conducting the study. The target population for the study was 200 officials from procurement department in James Finlay Kenya Ltd. A sample size of 133 respondents was selected using stratified sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was the main data collection instrument. Validity of the research instruments was achieved by consulting supervisors and expert opinion in the field of procurement. To ascertain reliability of the research instrument, a pilot study was done in Unilever Tea Company where employees in their central stores were involved. The data from the pilot study was analyzed and findings compared with Cronbach alpha coefficient value of 0.7 where a value of 0.874 was achieved hence was deemed to be is reliable. The findings of the study may be significant to industry players, policy makers and other scholars to realize the appropriate sourcing strategies that will enable to reduce cost of operations and improve on their profitability. The study recommends that the organization should invest much on partnership sourcing since it has positive influence on the overall performance even though the influence is not significant.

Keywords: Strategic Partnership Sourcing, Procurement Performance.

Title: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP SOURCING AND PROCUREMENT PERFORMANCE OF JAMES FINLAY KENYA LIMITED IN BOMET COUNTY KENYA

Author: Gladys Chepkemoi, Dr. Keitany Pauline, Dr. Alfred Bett

International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)

ISSN 2349-7807

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 126-133

Paper Publications 

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 15-September-2022

Abstract: Governments engage into various strategies to raise resources to finance among other things their developmental projects.  From its domestic base collecting revenue from SMEs is one of them. However, tax compliance among small and medium taxpayers is a challenge and is very poor. It is for this reason that the researcher embarks on this study to assess the factors that affect tax payer compliance among the SMEs in Zambia. The sampling frame for this study is the main business activity the representative SME are engaged in and the length of time the business has been in operation. The sample size will be 50 small and medium size enterprises taxpayers, in the Kamwala Shopping area in Lusaka.    Among the notable factors identified as affecting tax compliance among SMEs are the high level of cost for tax compliance for SMEs brought about by the long process for filing in returns; inadequate or lack of proper knowledge on tax compliance and its benefits for SMEs and also the negative attitude of SMEs towards tax compliance. The study therefore, will make recommendations that the process of filing in for taxes be shortened and the need for use of expert agents be removed into to shorten the process and reduce costs.  It will also be recommended that the Authority enhances its taxpayer education to enlighten the SMEs on the many incentives available for the sector and how they could be accessed. Lastly, government should consider widening the incentive base to attract and change the attitude of SMEs towards being tax compliant.

Keywords: Kamwala, Revenue, SMEs, Tax compliance, Tax, Zambia, ZRA.

Title: A STUDY OF FACTORS AFFECTING TAX COMPLIANCE AMONG SMEs IN ZAMBIA

Author: Ms. Dinah Diana Banda, Dr. Nilanjana Kumari

International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)

ISSN 2349-7807

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 120-125

Paper Publications 

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 15-September-2022

Abstract: With an approximate population of over 600 million people (World Bank Group), Africa remains demographically, one of the most attractive users of social media. Essoungou, (2010) suggests that, using social media platforms, to send and read e-mails, read news, and post research queries have become less important activities for Africans, indicating that everyone is on social media. However, very little is known about how social media is used for management functions, by the managers and other organization leaders. This is partly because of the taken-for-granted assumptions that social media cover communications field and very little in other disciplines, a long side the fact that age bracket for mangers is skewed to older ages. This is made worse by the vastness of the continent and the poverty aspect of the sub-Saharan Africa. The various social media studies from the marketing field, argues that the pattern of economic-political changes taking place in sub-Saharan Africa indicates that the region is not only opening but also quickly becoming the next economic power. Social media creates value in management functions and is leverage for competitive advantage in management functions and cost-benefit analysis for investing in social media management services creates efficiency and effectiveness for greater performance. The study will use mixed method research design through mining secondary data from World Bank dataset on social media activities, taking four countries to represent the sub-Saharan Africa: Kenya, DRC Congo, South Africa, and Nigeria. Content analysis is used to structure the review and analysis of the existing dataset.  The paper looks up to challenging management to buy in social media to a level where social media will have an anchor in management to move business to a greater level.

Keywords: Sub-Saharan Africa, Simplicity, Profundity, social media, Management.

Title: Simplicity and Profundity of social media in Management in the Sub-Saharan Countries

Author: EKAMBI, J. S.

International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)

ISSN 2349-7807

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 100-119

Paper Publications 

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 14-September-2022

Abstract: Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is a primary greenhouse gas and has been on an upward trend over the past four decades at global, regional, and country levels. It has significant economic, health, and environmental costs including global warming. In Malawi, CO₂ emissions have grown by 45% over the past four decades from 0.7 million tonnes in 1980 to 1.5 million in 2019. During the same period, exports and imports relative to gross domestic product (GDP) declined, and energy consumption and GDP increased. These trends do not explain the empirical relationship between trade, energy consumption, and GDP on one hand, and CO₂ emissions on the other hand. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the impact of trade, energy consumption and GDP on CO₂ emissions. The study used time series data from 1980 to 2020 and employed the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach to cointegration to establish the short and long-run relationships. The study established that trade has a positive relationship with CO2 emissions both in the short and long run while GDP has a positive relationship with CO2 emissions the in short run only. The study further established that energy consumption has no significant impact on CO2 emissions. It is recommended that policy should focus on promoting the importation of environmentally friendly technologies rather than limiting the country’s openness to trade.

Keywords: autoregressive distributed lag, carbon dioxide, energy consumption, gross domestic product, Malawi, trade openness­­­.

Title: The Environmental Impact of Trade Openness, Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Malawi

Author: Dalitso Laviwa

International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)

ISSN 2349-7807

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 82-99

Paper Publications 

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 31-August-2022

Abstract: The impact of insurance market activity on financial development is gaining academic attention as the insurance sector grows in emerging markets. This research aims to examine the relationship between non-life insurance premiums and economic growth in the Namibian context by providing recommendations to drive increased penetration across the Namibian economy. The study scrutinizes the explanatory factors of non-life insurance demand in Namibia, using quarterly data from Q1:2010 to Q4:2020  and also the Ordinary Least Square Method.  The variables employed were; Gross domestic product, gross written premiums, reinsurance exemption, and inflation. The study revealed that there was a positive relationship between non-life insurance premiums and economic growth in Namibia. The study also revealed a positive relationship between reinsurance exemption and economic growth in Namibia. Lastly, a negative relationship was observed between inflation and economic growth in Namibia. The results of this study provide opportunities for further research in this area given the limited empirical literature that currently exists.

Keywords: insurance market activity, financial development, insurance sector grows, non-life insurance premiums.

Title: Examining the relationship between non-life insurance premiums and economic growth in Namibia

Author: Severus Absalom

International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)

ISSN 2349-7807

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 73-81

Paper Publications 

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 29-August-2022

Abstract: Purpose – This paper examines the barriers to undertaking succession planning in family-owned construction firms. This would unearth the reasons why family-owned construction firms are unable to undertake succession planning which is identified as the leading panacea to unsurvivability of family-owned construction firms beyond the owner-manager.

Design/methodology/approach – The research explored these barriers to undertaking succession planning in family-owned construction firms using a survey approach within a cross-sectional design to collect data from 142 owner-managers of family-owned construction firms in Ghana.  Data obtained were subjected to descriptive statistics and subsequently, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and other non-parametric tests were used to examine the differences in the identification of the barriers.

Findings – The study established external barriers, incumbent-related barriers, incumbent-management-related barriers, management successor-related barriers, and successor-related barriers as the most crucial barriers preventing the implementation of succession planning in family-owned construction firms in Ghana. Findings from the study ranked incumbent-related barriers as the most significant barrier preventing the implementation of succession planning and family-related barriers as the least important. The extracted barriers have satisfactory values for KMO and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity according to the results and this makes the findings fit for further analytical tests on succession planning.

Limitations/implications – The study recommends a future study into the perceptions of successors towards succession planning because the perceptions of incumbents and successors may differ significantly and a willing successor is a recipe for effective succession planning.

Practical implications –The findings are important for practice because successions are initiated, controlled, and driven by the owner-managers. Understanding the perception of owner-managers towards succession planning enables policymakers and the government to design initiatives to encourage and help shape the perceptions of owner-managers towards succession planning. 

Originality/value –Investigating the theoretical and practical problems preventing the implementation of succession planning in family-owned construction firms is crucial because family-owned Construction firms are collapsing rapidly after the death of the owner-manager due largely to a lack of succession planning.  

Keywords: Family firm, family-owned construction firm, barriers, succession, and succession planning.

Title: PERCEPTION OF BARRIERS TO SUCCESSION PLANNING IN FAMILY-OWNED CONSTRUCTION FIRMS IN GHANA

Author: Che Andrews Anzagira, Edward Badu, De-Graft Owusu-Manu

International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)

ISSN 2349-7807

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 58-72

Paper Publications 

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 15-August-2022

Abstract: Free Trade Zones has become one of the pillars for economic development for most countries in Europe and most of Asia. This has been the case for a country like China which has witness a super growth because of the policies they adopted that promoted the development of free trade zones in the country and it has contributed immensely its economic development. This paper exploits the potential for economic development that African countries stand to benefit from the Pan-African free trade  agreement that was signed by 54 African countries. The study looks at the trend from other developed countries and suggest policy recommendations that would identify legal regimes that can adopt policies that will prevent conflicting interest between political parties so as to create a favourable investment environment for both foreign and local investors. The legal regimes should be able to accommodate different economic situations as they set investment rules and this can be carried out effectively under the guidance of the African Union.

Keywords: Free trade zone, economic development, transport corridors, African continental free trade zone, government policies, intermodal transport.

Title: Development of Free Trade Zones to Sustain Intermodal Transportation

Author: Dr. Che Kingsley Chenikwi, Dr. Eno Cynthia

International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)

ISSN 2349-7807

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 44-57

Paper Publications 

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 04-August-2022

Abstract: On-demand solutions have proven to be a blessing for everyone in our fast-paced environment. In addition, the technologically advanced younger generation demands everything to happen instantly, anywhere, at any time. People want everything at their doorsteps, whether it's house cleaning or renovation, plumbing assistance, appliance repair for electric appliances, furnishings, or fitness coaches who come to them. Methods of service delivery changed as a result of changes in customer demands. In response to evolving customer needs and technical improvements, on-demand app development emerged. On-demand services are different from planned services in that they enable customers to meet requests as they come up. It's critical that demand is satisfied quickly. These services preserve the balance between supply and demand. In the current environment, on-demand services have become more significant in major cities. People from tier 1 and tier 2 are drawn to these services because of advantages including quick availability, convenience, and affordability.

In response to increasing smartphone usage and consumer demand, utility companies had created a variety of applications including taxi booking, online shopping, beauty services, online meal delivery services, etc. Sincerely speaking, the applications are increasing consumer confidence and helping businesses make more money. Online on-demand service providers register a number of knowledgeable pros in numerous home service categories. Service industry workers have the chance to increase their earnings during their free time, which contributes to the creation of jobs. Through commission or service fees, the service providers make money for themselves. An on-demand economy promotes social and economic advancement by boosting consumption and promoting economic expansion as a whole.

Keywords: On-demand services, online marketing, consumer satisfaction, sustainability, OLODHS.

Title: The Rise of Online on-demand services – Awakening of Giant in Service Industry

Author: Dr.  Amol Murgai

International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)

ISSN 2349-7807

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 38-43

Paper Publications 

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 04-August-2022

Abstract: This research sought to assess the financial management from the perspective of skills & capacity utilization, records keeping, budgeting and adoption of regulations by County governments in Kenya for purposes of enhancing service delivery to the public. A descriptive survey of 20 counties drawn across the former eight provincial /regional administrative units was conducted between 2018 and 2019. The findings indicate that most counties were constraint with skills and capacity across various sections including budgeting, records management and regulation.it was noted that Counties generated various types of records including policy related records, financial records and auditing records whose management was curtailed by inadequately trained staff, lack of records disposal and retention schedules, inadequate equipment and space, moderate policies and standards notwithstanding. While positive strides had been made in the most counties’ budgeting process especially towards 2019 /2020, there was need to enhance coordination between national and county departments, political independence, stakeholder involvement, funding process and spending against limited revenue to best meet the needs of the public. Reviewing and re-designing IFMIS system to capture information from PBB are the essential next steps for improving budgeting at the county level. Strict adherence to the Public Financial Management Acts and other County legislations and regulations was equally noted to be critical and most counties struggled with the implementation because of weak legislative and enforcement challenges, lack of political goodwill among others. Among various recommendations, the study recommended adoption of a financial management framework that would enhance service delivery at the county governments in Kenya.

Keywords:  Records, budgeting, regulation, financial management framework, County and service delivery.

Title: ENHANCING FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FOR SERVICE DELIVERY AT COUNTY GOVERNMENTS IN KENYA

Author: Dr. Simeyo Otieno

International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)

ISSN 2349-7807

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 27-37

Paper Publications 

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 14-July-2022

Abstract: This study investigated the effect of audit firm characteristics on the financial reporting quality of non-financial institutions in Nigeria for the periods 2014-2018. To achieve this objective an explanatory research design was adopted to gather historical data from the annual financial statement of the selected non-financial financial for the periods in questions. In addition, from the 106 non-financial institutions firms in Nigeria stratified  under seven  segment of;  Oil & Gas, Consumer Services, Consumer Goods, Basic Materials, Technology, Health Care and industries. A purposive sampling of 32 non-financial institutions were selected for the study. This comprised of 10% industry each from each stratum. Both descriptive and inferential statistics of Panel Regression analysis (in random effect) were adopted for the study. The result of the study revealed that audit firms characteristics had significant positive effect on the financial reporting quality of the selected non-financial institutions. It was concluded that audit firm independence, audit firm tenure, audit firm size, joint audit and audit fees were significant and positively related to the quality of financial reporting.

Keywords: Audit firm characteristics, Audit firm independence, Audit firm tenure, financial reporting quality.

Title: EFFECT OF AUDIT FIRM CHARACTERISTICS ON FINANCIAL REPORTING QUALITY IN NON-FINANCIAL INSTITUTION IN NIGERIA

Author: Olaoye .C.O, AKINTAYO Oluwatoyin Olusola Alex

International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)

ISSN 2349-7807

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 16-26

Paper Publications 

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 08-July-2022

Abstract: Waiting time is an emergency department is considerable issue in money countries in the world. This study aims to investigate the factors affecting waiting time (WT) in accident &emergency (A&E) units and to formulate strategies for improvement. Preliminary care units in Sri Lanka are similar to A&E department in other countries.

Objective: To describe the factors affecting waiting time in the accident and emergency patient attending to Preliminary Care Unit of selected Base Hospital in Western Province Sri Lanka.

Methodology: This was a cross sectional observational study conducted in three Base Hospital in Western province the period of three months and total 425 patients were interviewed. This study was conducted at primary care units in three Base Hospital in Western Province Sri Lanka. Patients, consultants, medical officers, nursing officers, Health care assistance and other administrative staff participated to the study.

Results: The most congested time period was 10a, m to 1p.m. most affected age group was 15- 24yrs.There were more significant association between type of injuries and waiting time(P=0.001). Majority of the patients were registered within 15 minutes (97.6%) and the average waiting time to seeing a doctor was less than 15 minutes. Ninety-nine percentages of patients waited less than 15 minutes to get their treatment.

Conclusion and recommendation: RTA, animal bite, snake bite and falls were the commonest causes for admission. Surgical and JMO referral were delay due to un availability of medical staff. Shortage of heath staff, lack of in-service training program and poor monitoring and evaluation were noticed.

Keywords: waiting time, primary care unit, accident &emergency.

Title: Factors affecting waiting time in accident and emergency patients attending to preliminary care units in selected Base Hospital in Western province, Sri Lanka

Author: Alahapperuma. D

International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)

ISSN 2349-7807

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 7-15

Paper Publications 

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 06-July-2022

Abstract: Health of a population is considered the wealth of a nation. The health system in Sri Lanka has incorporated with universal system that extends free healthcare to all citizens. Establishment of the open economy in 1977, with the private health services was expanded island wide and the government granted permission for public sector medical officers to engage in private practice. 

Easy access, extraordinary physical quality, efficiency of services, prompt attention and high responsiveness in the private sector compare with high waiting time, low responsiveness and poor physical quality experienced in the government sector may be the reasons for attraction towards the private sector.

Medical negligence, inadequate quality of services and unethical behavior of management were reported from various places in Sri Lanka. In 2006, the Sri Lankan government took an initiative in regulating the private health services by enacting the “Private Medical Institutions (Registration) Act, No.21 of 2006”.

Objective: To assess the current private health sector regulatory frame work in Sri Lanka.

Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data. Annual reports of Private Health Services Regulatory Council, records of PHSRC, publications of Ministry of Health, key important interviews and focus group discussions were used to gather information.

Result: A significant number of Private Medical Institutions were registered in PHSRC during last 15 years, after its establishment. All most all private hospitals and Nursing Homes got registered under PHSRC.  Registration of part time private medical practitioners including dental clinics are significantly low.

Conclusions and recommendations:

• Details of private medical institutions should be carried out at Medical Officer of Health area level which should be under the supervision of the Regional Director of Health Services.
• Ensure the minimum expected standards with accreditation mechanism.

Keywords: Private Medical Institution, Regulation, Private Health Services Regulatory Council.

Title: Analysis of private health sector regulatory frame work in Sri Lanka

Author: Alahapperuma. D

International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)

ISSN 2349-7807

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 1-6

Paper Publications 

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 04-July-2022