Indexing

Abstract:This Paper Focus on the impact of climate changes on territorial water, in way of possible shifting of coastlines and the effect on economical activities of population starting from loss of property, loss of access to certain fishing area i.e. depletion to a commercial fish stock, rich exploration area and the activities in low coastlines, and the loss of coastal infrastructure. With the possible changes in territories and the unavoidable economic disputes, can military action come into picture as an option with an existing example. Explore the availability of an applicable binding dispute settlement, and the possible claim under UNCLOS.
Also discuss the effect of Globalization on Geographical territories from the view of social activities, the intangible attachment to a specific territory by reasons of economic, or ethnics, and the unwillingness of moving towards compromise or conflict resolution. The impact of power related factor in negotiation over territorial issues and disputes between states.
The aim is to bring forward the near future dispute over territories, and the need for finding a new mechanism to settle such disputes based on the development of climatic and political changes we are facing nowadays.
Keywords:Border Guards, Globalization, Climate Changes, territorial water, economic dispute, UNCLOS.

Abstract:The contribution of electricity to improve the productivity and efficiency of small enterprises is indispensable. The general objective of the research is to understand the effect of electric blackout on the operation and productivity of some selected small manufacturing enterprises in District 12, Nifas Silk Lafto Sub-city of Addis Ababa. Small enterprises experience frequent and unannounced electric blackouts. Frequent and unannounced electric blackouts affect small enterprises` ability to meet contract deadlines. The cost of a power outage which lasts for three hours and above is higher than for a power outage which lasts for less than three hours. However, a blackout which stays even for a shorter time has a huge impact on the small enterprises overall activity, employees work motivation and productivity. To reduce the electric blackout that occurs too frequently, the government has to improve the reliability of the electric supply by reducing technical faults in the transmission and distribution of the infrastructure as well as increasing the electricity generating capacity of the power station.
Keywords:Electric, Blackout, SMEs, Productivity, Operation.

Abstract:In this study we consider the link between financial development and economic growth from 1971 to 2009 in Ethiopia. Most theoretical and empirical works in the literature suggest that deeper financial market promotes economic growth. We take this hypothesis to the test of conducting descriptive and empirical study using Ethiopia’s data. In the empirical analysis we estimate an investment equation applying the Stock Watson Dynamic OLS procedure. The result suggests that the financial development indicator positively and significantly explains investment suggesting that financial development and economic growth have direct and strong relationship. The argument that financial development and economic growth have positive linkages is supported by results of both descriptive and empirical analysis. But the argument that financial development determines economic growth appears to be inconclusive. The Granger causality test result suggests bidirectional influence between financial development and economic growth.
Keywords:Likage, financial, Management, Economic growth.