Indexing

Abstract: Market is a centre of various commercial and economic activities, it provides the means for exchange of goods and services thru buying and selling. It’s a key incubation point for micro, small, and medium enterprises; hence effective space use is a key ingredient in ensuring efficient operation of enterprises that operate therein. This creates decent jobs and economic growth vital for achieving the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) eight. Therefore, the objective of the study is to analyse the market space thru reviewing the concepts, principles, and space standards of markets; and to identify the physical planning problems associated with the market and to prepare a planning proposal and recommendation to enhance efficiency. A total of 338 questionnaires were administered to the respondents who were users of the market; of which 256 representing 76% were retrieved. Structured interview was also conducted with market leaders to complement the data acquired by questionnaire. Secondary data were used like the google earth image and administrative map of Saminaka market, which were used for spatial analysis in GIS. The results revealed that the market was congested and in deplorable condition with dilapidated stalls, open refuse dumping sites, encroachments into circulations and roads, poor toilet facilities and so on. More than 50%, about 4.27 Ha out of 8.4, of the market is vacant, which has not been utilised Therefore, recommendations via alternative concept proposal A, B, and C were further examined. Where each concept proposed rehabilitation of existing facilities and the establishment of ones needed that were hitherto non-existent, like parking space and so on. Finally, alternative concept A had the highest weight and was adopted as the best, which has a parking space at the periphery. 

Keywords: Analysis, market space, urban planning, SDGs, stalls, GIS &remote sensing, jobs creation, economic growth.

Title: ANALYSIS OF MARKET SPACE: A PLANNING PANACEA FOR ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SAMINAKA MARKET, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA

Author: Zainab Zakari Mohammed, Haleema Jaafar, Abdulkadir Yahaya Muhammed, Sani Badamasi, Emmanuel Para Bako

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 78-87

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 15-September-2022

Abstract: One of the major sources of human exposure to radionuclides could be from ingestion of food crops grown on contaminated soil. This work is aimed at assessing the level of health risk associated with the intake of²³⁸U, ²²⁶R, ²³²Thand ⁴⁰K in yam and cassava cultivated in farm lands in Akwa Ibom State. The activity concentration of naturally occurring radionuclides in the samples, were measured using a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) Detector. The mean activity concentrations of radionuclides in yam were 2.81±0.42 Bq/kg, 1.02±0.36 Bq/kg, 0.82±0.15 Bq/kg and 335.23±17.20 Bq/kg for ²³⁸U, ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K respectively. Mean activity concentrations of radionuclides in cassava were 3.29±0.46 Bq/kg, 1.15±0.29 Bq/kg, 1.38±0.18 Bq/kg and 272.65±14.40 Bq/kg for ²³⁸U, ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K respectively. The estimated mean values of external hazard index (H_ex) and internal hazard index (H_in) were 0.08, 0.07 and 0.11, 0.08 respectively in cassava and yam respectively. The estimated mean values of gamma absorbed dose rate in yam and cassava were 15.71 nGy.y ^-1 and 13.66 nGy.y ^-1 respectively. The mean values of Annual effective dose (AED) due to consumption of cassava and yam were 0.070 µSv yr^-1 and 0.186 µSv yr^-1, respectively. The mean estimated values of excess lifetime cancer risk due to consumption of cassava and yam were 0.00019 and 0.00022, respectively. The values obtained for the radiological doses for the yam and cassava samples were below the world recommended values.  It is recommended that farmers should be educated to only apply the right types and quantities of fertilizers to soil in order to check further increases in concentration levels of these radionuclides in soil and plants.

Keywords: Activity Concentration, Radionuclides, Health Risk, Yam, Cassava.

Title: Radiological Health Risk Assessment of Cassava (Manihot Esculenta) and Yam (Dioscorea Alata) Obtained From Farm Lands in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Author: I. M. Essen, U. E. Essien, N. N. Okonna, E. O. Isaac, U. U. Inyang.

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 70-77

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 02-September-2022

Abstract: The need for effective product promotion is crucial given the seemingly increasing market competition. In Lagos State, product packaging has come to play a more important role as a brand communication vehicle. The study is a descriptive survey using a structured questionnaire that elicited responses from the respondents within Lagos State, the respondents are made up of consumers of staple commodities produced by Unilever and PZ Cussons Nigeria Plc. Structured questionnaires were administered to 204 consumers of products from the two selected companies in Lagos State. The respondents were selected using random sampling technique and oral interaction preceded questionnaire administration. The responses of the respondents on the questionnaire based on their attitudes toward the packaging of the selected staple commodities were analysed using mode, frequency, and percentages. Inferential statistic using Chi square was used in analyzing the two hypotheses.  The findings and conclusions of this study indicate that; packaging with its entire attendant element plays a great role in determining consumers choice of staple commodities.

Keywords: influence, packaging, commodities, consumers, point-of-purchase.

Title: THE INFLUENCE OF PRODUCT PACKAGING ON THE PURCHASE OF STAPLE COMMODITIES IN LAGOS STATE  (USING PZ CUSSONS NIGERIA PLC AND UNILEVER NIGERIA PLC AS A CASE STUDY)

Author: Falusi, Tolulope A.

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 58-69

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 24-August-2022

Abstract: Damage to buildings can generally be seen after identifying the problems that occur in the building. Identification research is initial research on the condition of the building which includes: architecture, structure, utilities, historical and archaeological values of old traditional buildings. A multi-disciplinary approach is certainly needed and the uniqueness of heritage structures, with their historical value, requires regular research and analysis in the actions used in the investigation of a building. The stages that need to be carried out in this research are: data acquisition, historical investigation, structural survey, field research and testing, laboratory (if needed), and monitoring. The results showed that some of the building components of the Dayak Tomun Traditional House were categorized as lightly to heavily damaged. This condition is potential for conservation efforts. The approach to conservation activities at the Dayak Tomun Traditional House should follow the existing guidelines and hold consultations with experts who know about the materials used. To maintain the sustainability of this building, it is necessary to take appropriate conservation measures for this building, including the site. This traditional house conservation action must focus on sustainability from the previous era to the present era until to the next period.

Keywords: Dayak Tomun traditional house, conservation, sustainability.

Title: Potential Efforts for Conservation of Dayak Tomun Traditional House in Lamandau Regency, Indonesia

Author: James Rilatupa, Yophie Septiady

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 47-57

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 23-August-2022

Abstract: Local authority autonomy is critical for effective and efficient delivery of services to the people. One of the objectives of this study was to design a framework that seeks to address the challenges associated with attainment of local authority autonomy. The purpose of the framework was to support local authorities so that they participate in the implementation of development as per the needs of the people at the local level in Zambia. The study develops a framework for achieving decentralisation as an initiative for supporting public participation and local authority autonomy. The study establishes that local authorities in Zambia primarily financed through a system of intergovernmental transfers or grants, do not have adequate revenue base to guarantee fiscal autonomy and, are bogged down by limitless political interferences and regulations. In order to guarantee autonomy of local government, the study develops a framework through a pragmatic approach. Data is collected using purposive and critical case sampling, through person-to-person interviews, questionnaire interviews as well as secondary data through literature reviews and content analysis of local authority project documents. The sample size for the questionnaire was 103 computed at ninety-five percent confidence level with a five percent confidence interval.  The framework was validated by 17 experts in the local government sector; that were involved in the implementation of both grant and locally financed projects. The study argues that the proposed framework could enhance decentralization and improve local authority autonomy in Zambia and the paper suggests that local government should intensify on internal revenue generation.

Keywords: local government finance, local government framework, central government grants, fiscal autonomy, decentralization.

Title: Achieving Fiscal Sustainability in Zambia’s Local Government: Designing a Local Government Framework

Author: Moffat Tembo, Dr. Erastus Misheng’u Mwanaumo

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 33-46

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 02-August-2022

Abstract: This research intends to explain the challenges associated with internal revenue generation in Zambia’s local government system. Using a purposive and critical case sample size of 102 local authorities in Zambia computed at ninety five percent (95%) confidence level with a Five percent (5%) confidence interval a questionnaire survey was administered. Data analysis was quantitative and included use of descriptive statistics, analysis of variance and multivariate analysis of variance to examine the relationships between variables. The findings show that local authorities in Zambia are unable to generate own revenues since the central government has taken up most revenue streams in the districts and put in place regulations that restrict generation and collection of own revenues. As a result, there is need for central government to retain local authorities’ revenue streams to enhance local revenue generation and ultimately enhance local authority fiscal autonomy.

Keywords: Local government, fiscal autonomy, revenue generation, central government, revenue streams.

Title: Challenges to Internal Local Government Revenue Generation

Author: Moffat Tembo, Dr. Erastus Misheng’u Mwanaumo

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 25-32

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 02-August-2022

Abstract: Most political scholars accept THE CRITIQUE OF CLASSICAL DEMOCRATIC THEORY made in the previous chapter.

It is questioned that: "the people have a defined and rational opinion regarding all issues and that this opinion is expressed by the school of representatives who are in charge of its execution."

Therefore, the main objective of the DEMOCRATIC SYSTEM is questioned: "attributing to the electorate the power to decide on political matters" (the issue of the selection of representatives goes to a 2nd place).

THE DEMOCRATIVE METHOD: is an institutional system for making political decisions, in which the individual acquires the power to decide through a competitive struggle for the votes of the voters.

Title: Capitalism, socialism and democracy; Schumpeter

Author: Anna Bērziņš

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 21-24

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 17-July-2022

Abstract: Politics, a familiar and controversial subject.

Politics is a multivocal term, endowed with different meanings depending on the field and the moment in which it is used.

Politics is not free from suspicion, on the contrary, it charges entry on a negative note. And yet it is capable of mobilizing large sectors of the citizenry at any given moment. It arouses emotions, produces feelings of solidarity and cooperation. And it is associated with solemn feelings: freedom, justice, equality.

Title: Political Science and Administration

Author: Andris Kalniņš

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 18-20

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 17-July-2022

Abstract: The individual political action of the citizens of a community is an essential factor in understanding the quality of democracies and how they work because:

• It conditions the ruler-ruled relationship.

• It affects the type of information that reaches the rulers.

• It marks the type of control that is exercised over political power.

• It serves to express the political preferences of citizens.

• It marks the nature of the type of delegation of power and the very nature of political representation.

• Influences the behavior and strategies of the main actors in the system.

• It conditions the nature of the public debate, its richness and its content.

Title: The individual actors: The citizens. Electoral behavior and political participation

Author: Inga Jansons

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 14-17

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 17-July-2022

Abstract: Lack of knowledge and information.

• The existence of a stable mechanism that governs behavior without the intervention of other factors of rationality.

• A poorly rational citizen.

• A defense of the vote not as a control mechanism, but as a mechanism for the expression of primary identities.

• The political world is hardly given importance, as the citizen is immune to it due to lack of information and capacity.

Title: METHODOLOGICAL SCHOOLS: POLITICAL SYSTEMS

Author: Stefano Viimsi

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 10-13

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 17-July-2022

Abstract: This study aims to formulate the right strategy to be applied to the Wareg Eco Park business by taking into account external and internal factors and determining alternative strategies that should be prioritized. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with analytical techniques using the EFE matrix, IFE matrix, and IE matrix. Result of the IE matrix analysis showing that alternative strategies can be used are product development and market penetration. The top four are developing products to meet the needs of consumer groups; employee training to improve service and quality of food menus; adding eco park features; developing special products such as special menus and tourist rides; maintain and develop a restaurant concept with an eco park as a unique feature of Pada Wareg Eco Park restaurant.

Keywords: EFE, IFE, IE, Pada Wareg Eco Park restaurant.

Title: BUSINESS STRATEGY IN THE RESTAURANT "PADA WAREG ECO PARK" BASED ON INTERNAL-EXTERNAL MATRIX

Author: A.A. Gede Bagus Dama Arimbawa, I.B. Komang Sumantra, Ni Putu Ade Novita Adnyani, Ni Nyoman Kerti Yasa

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022

Page No: 1-9

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 13-July-2022