Indexing

Abstract: This study provides a review of the literature on effective interventions for children and youth with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), focusing on evidence-based interventions. Describe effective interventions, including what grade level(s) the interventions would be applicable to, as well as what level of autism (mild, moderate, severe) the intervention would be most appropriate for. Highlight interventions using technology/assistive technology, pointing out the gaps in the research.

Keywords: Autism, ASD, interventions, literature review, evidence-based interventions.

Title: A review of the literature on effective interventions for children and youth with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)

Author: Dr. Saad Athbah

ISSN 2349-7823

International Journal of Recent Research in Life Sciences (IJRRLS)

Paper Publications

Abstract:  Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) was introduced to overcome the limitations of classical clinical examination to improve the validity and reliability of the exam. The study was conducted to analyze the management of the OSCE in Sudan Medical Specialization Board (major four clinical councils) and recommend an improvement plan.

Materials and Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted at major clinical councils and total coverage technique was used.

Results: The response rate is 75%, the age of the participants ranged between 41 and 75 years, and there was no significant gender difference. There were more assistant professors. 80% of the examiners are practicing the OSCE exams for less than ten years period, the weight of the OSCE exam out of the total exam was 40% to 50% in about 73%.  In 80% there was an agreement between the learning objectives and the OSCE exams. In 68% exam was prepared by the academic staff only. 76% of examiners always use the blue print. 67% of the examiners conduct their exam between five to ten minutes and 40.8% of the examiners prepare 10-15 stations in their exams. In 83% there was one task per station. Checklist are used by 93.2% of the participants. 86.4% of the examiners determine the minimal pass level before the exam. 52.9% of the examiners considered the setting was moderately prepared.  63% of the OSCE exams were evaluated regularly and 53.4% of the examiners update their bank regularly. 66% of the examiners gained their experience in OSCE from their participation in sporadic workshops. Only 50% of the examiners were satisfied in their OSCE standards.

Conclusion: Objective structured clinical examination assesses broad range of graduates’ competencies. It needs a lot of resources, proper management, training and evaluation.

Keywords: Blue print, Check list, Competency, Reliability, Station, Validity.

Title: Assessment of the Management of the Objective Structured Clinical Examination in the Major Clinical Councils in Sudan Medical Specialization Board 2020: Examiners` Perspective

Author: Gamarelanbia Yousif, Diya Omer, Eltayeb Abdel Rahman Ali, Emtinan Khougaly

ISSN 2349-7823

International Journal of Recent Research in Life Sciences (IJRRLS)

Paper Publications

Abstract: “Credit hour is defined as a unit for measuring the students’ academic load and effort in the course or block during their Bachelor's, Master's or PhD program”. The most relevant academic credits for international students are: ECTS - European credits system and Semester credit hours (SCH) and quarter credits - American Credits. The main advantages of the credit hour system is that it enables students to carry their successes along with them until graduation. They also are encouraged throughout to keep up their academic performance, at least at a higher level than the minimum acceptable level.

Methods: A widespread relevant literature search using different search platforms was conducted to identify published works, monograms and workshop manuals that met the aim and objectives of the credit hour system worldwide.

Although many academic institutions are applying this system at the undergraduate level, but at the level of the residency training programs few academic bodied use this credit hour system.  We presented representative and diverse information about credit hours system, and we gave our reflections on certain examples of academic institutions -including Gezira University in Sudan- that apply this system. So we took one example after another to compare and contrast each of them until we finalized with specific calculation.

Results: Total credit hours per year = 61 credit hours per year and the total credit hours over 4 years = 4X61= 244 credit hours for residency training program in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Conclusion: Implementation of credit hour system has many advantages with few drawbacks.

Keywords: Academic load, Academic performance, American Credit hours, European credits, Residency program, Semester credit hour.

Title: Credit Hour System for Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency Training Program 2020

Author: Gamarelanbia Yousif, Diya Omer

ISSN 2349-7823

International Journal of Recent Research in Life Sciences (IJRRLS)

Paper Publications

Abstract: Non-immune Hydrops Fetalis (NIHF) in general population has a prevalence estimated to be 1 in every 2500-3500 neonates, and in every 1600-7000 fetuses. It is characterized by accumulation of fluids in different fetal compartments and soft tissues. NIHF may result from different etiological factors, and the prenatal diagnosis is based mainly on ultrasonography. The prognosis of NIHF depends on the etiology, and in some cases like fetal arrhythmias and infection with Parvo virus, treatment can be offered in utero.                      

The aim of the study was to present a case of NIHF, with diagnostic difficulties and description of the poor prognostic features that indicated termination of the pregnancy 20 weeks of gestation.

Conclusion: cases of NIHF need close monitoring and work up from early pregnancy, for better understanding of the etiology and pathology of the disease, and more studies are recommended in Sudan to improve the outcome in the treatable cases.

Keywords: Anomaly scan, Ascites, Edema, Hydrops, Pleural effusion, Soft markers, Ultrasound.

Title: Case report of Non Immune Hydrops Fetalis, Khartoum, Sudan 2019

Author: Diya Omer, Gamarelanbia Yousif

ISSN 2349-7823

International Journal of Recent Research in Life Sciences (IJRRLS)

Paper Publications