Indexing

Abstract: Aeschynomene histrix Poir. commonly known as porcupine jointvetch is a member of the fabaceae family with the potentials to contribute to both livestock-forage and improved fallow systems in the tropics. One of the major problems associated with A. histrix is its hard seed coat which results in poor stand establishment because of reduced germination and non-uniform seedling emergence. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of seed priming on germination and seedling establishment of A. histrix. The seeds were subjected to mechanical, chemical, halo and hydro-thermal priming prior to sowing. The pre-treatments involved puncturing the seed coats, immersing seeds in concentrated sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) for 5 - 120 minutes, treating seeds with ImM, 10mM and 100mM potassium nitrate (KNO₃) and soaking seeds in hot water (80℃) at different time intervals. Primed seeds were incubated in 9cm Petri dishes at room temperature in a completely randomized design with four replications and germination percentages recorded for a period of fourteen days. The result obtained indicate that the various seed priming methods effectively enhanced the germination percentage of A. histrix when compared with the control. The percentage germination of mechanically punctured seeds was 50% while that of intact seeds was 0%.  Treatment with H₂SO₄ for 60mins enhanced germination by 70%. The germination percentage of halo-primed punctured seeds with KNO₃ was 0mM (30%), 1mM (52.5%), 10mM (42.5%) and 100mM (32.5%) while it was 0% for intact seeds irrespective of the concentration. The highest germination of 80% which was recorded in hydro-thermal primed seeds at 80℃ for 5 minutes can be recommended for enhancing seed germination and uniform nursery establishment for this species. 

Keywords: Aeschynomene histrix, seed priming, germination.

Title: Seed Priming Effects on Germination of Aeschynomene histrix Poir

Author: AGOGBUA, J. U, OWHOR L. N

ISSN 2349-7823

International Journal of Recent Research in Life Sciences (IJRRLS)

Paper Publications

Abstract: The effects of exposure to Dichlorvos was evaluated through different exposure routes in male albino rats using haematological and sperm quality parameters such as; PCV, HB, RBC, McV, McH and McHc, Motility quantitative (M1), Debris quantitative (D1), sperm count (C), and morphology primordial (Mp). The results revealed the following mean value of PCV for group 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 as 40.75, 21.5, 34.25, 27.5 and 18.66 respectively with significant difference (P<0.05) in group 2 and 4, for HB 13.95, 8.76, 20.43, 8.68 and 6.93 for group 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively with significant difference (P<0.05) only in group 3. RBC and McV had a mean value of 3.83 and 12.37, 2.44 and 98.69, 2.89 and 13.62, 2.06 and 14.04 then 3.0 and 8.89 for group 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively with significant difference (P<0.05) recorded only in group 5 for MCV group. While McH and McHc had a mean value of 4.28 and 0.32, 3.58 and 0.41, 6.80 and 0.58, 4.89 and 0.31 then 3.41 and 0.38 for group 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively with significant difference (P<0.05) across the group. For semen analysis, M1 was 77.25, 26.25, 72.5, 21.25 and 10 for group 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively, Debris D1 was 6.25, 49.50, 6.25, 46.25 and 20.0 for group 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively, C and Mp were 69.5 and 5.0, 61.75 and 6.25, 74.75 and 10.0, 54.0 and 7.50 then 15.0 and 15.0 for group 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively also. The results indicate that dichlorvos affects sperm quality in males and generally had negative effect on the haematology irrespective of the route of exposure, hence care should be taken in the use and handling of Dichlorvos.

Keywords: Reproductive Indices, Haematological Response, male albino rats, Dichlorvos.

Title: REPRODUCTIVE INDICES AND HAEMATOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF MALE ALBINO RATS (Rattus norvegicus) EXPOSED TO DICHLORVOS

Author: Obemeata E. Oriakpono

ISSN 2349-7823

International Journal of Recent Research in Life Sciences (IJRRLS)

Paper Publications

Abstract: Sunflower is one of the four most important oilseeds in the world. Because of its high quality of oil about 90% of the total production of oil is used for human consumption. Although sunflower is not widely grown in Ethiopia, the country has immense potential for its production. Sunflower research was started in the late 1960s with slow laps compared to other cereal crops. Obviously, Biotechnology can speed up plant breeding schemes, with many of the techniques complementing rather than substituting conventional methods and some biotechnological products have had a strong impact upon production systems because they have also facilitated crop management. Various approaches in the production of transgenic plants have been used, but with low efficiency in transformation; direct and indirect methods. Globally, the role of genetic engineering in the improvement of sunflower have done a big effort to combat biotic and abiotic factors. A multitude of factors such as insects and diseases reduce the sunflower yield and molecular biology research with a focus on transgenic sunflowers in different aspects. In an era marked by political and societal pressure to reduce the use of pesticides, crop protection by genetic improvement provides a promising alternative with no obvious impact on human health or the environment. Genome editing is one of the genetic levers that can be adopted technology in agriculture. CRISPR technology now a day gives a solution for different production constraints of different crops including sunflower. Traditional sunflower oil has been the major polyunsaturated oil used for many years in human nutrition to replace saturated fat, in an attempt to reduce cardiovascular diseases. Different GMO of sunflower has been developed with increased oil quality and quantity as well. Generally, sunflower research in Ethiopia has to plan on the development of sunflower varieties using modern tools of biotechnology especially CRISPR/Cas9 in the future in order to combat the dynamic environmental conditions and to hasten the existing sunflower breeding effort for the betterment of future generations as well. Therefore, reviewing the current status of sunflower research in Ethiopia and the role of genetic engineering in sunflower improvement globally is the main objective of this paper.

Keywords: Biotechnology, CRISPR/Cas9, Genome-editing, GMO, genetic-engineering, sunflower.

Title: Role of Genetic Engineering in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L) Improvement and Current Status of Sunflower Research in Ethiopian: An Overview

Author: Tilahun Mola

ISSN 2349-7823

International Journal of Recent Research in Life Sciences (IJRRLS)

Paper Publications

Abstract: 1.2 billion people lack access to potable water worldwide and while only about 30 % of the Nigerian populace have access to clean drinking water. Safe drinking water is key to sustainable development, food production and quality health. The portability of 10 potable water marketed in Port Harcourt, Rivers State were analyzed. A total of 5 were exposed to sunlight for 1 month while 5 were analyzed without exposure to sunlight.The pH of the unexposed samples ranged from 5.9- 7.6, while pH for exposed samples ranged from 8.5-9.8. The Physiochemical analysis showed chlorine ranged from 10.0-15.7, lead ranged from 0.10-0.91 and turbidity ranged from 0.12-0.36. Results showed that all unexposed water sample met WHO standards for potable water for pH, turbidity, chlorine and lead. Exposed water sample did not meet all standards for a potable water for a healthy life style. This research advises that potable water stored in plastics should not be exposed to sunlight.

Keywords: Sunlight, Physico-Chemical, Portability, Water.

Title: SUNLIGHT EFFECT ON PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF POTABLEWATER MARKETED IN PORT HARCOURT

Author: FajoyomiBridget.U., John, Godson Nnamdi, WogaEberechi M., Daodu Bamidele T

ISSN 2349-7823

International Journal of Recent Research in Life Sciences (IJRRLS)

Paper Publications

Abstract: As we know that night blindness and color vision impairment is the major issue in Pakistan, especially in rural and urban cities of Punjab and Sindh and some cities of the KPK and Baluchistan. These cities are facing the malnutrition, like vitamin A, B, C, D, E, K, deficiencies, and much other food, who cannot afford the rich nutrition food and diet. In this literature review we discuss about the different surveys, demographic socio-economic survey, data analyses by using different tools and technique like chi square test SPSS, ELIZA test sampling and studies related to the night blindness due to the vitamin A deficiency in children between the ages of 1 month to 50 years people, pregnant women and lactating women who are suffering from the night blindness and other disease that is transferred to their children. We discuss about all the WHO reports and international nutrition supplementation programs from 1980 to 2019 and developmental education programs and health programs. Furthermore, training of nurses and health workers for delivering of child, training of the school teachers for educations, awareness and other programs.

Keywords: Night blindness, vitamin A deficiency, WHO, Retinal pigments.

Title: Prevalence of Night Blindness due to vitamin A deficiency in Pakistan: An overview

Author: Shahzara Irshad

ISSN 2349-7823

International Journal of Recent Research in Life Sciences (IJRRLS)

Paper Publications