Indexing

Abstract: Mercury is a heavy metal known for its toxic effects on vital organs, particularly the kidneys and testes. Solanum torvum, commonly known as turkey berry, has been traditionally used for its medicinal properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this study is to determine the protective effect of ethanolic extract of Egg plant (Solanum torvum) on the kidney and testes of Mercury induced toxicity on adult male wistar rats. Thirty-five adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups. Group A served as Control group and was given 5ml of distilled water per day and laboratory chow, Group B received 100mg/kg of Ethanolic extract of Solanum torvum, Group C received 100mg/kg of Mercury, Group D received 100mg/kg of Mercury and 200mg/kg of Ethanolic extract of Solanum torvum, Group E received 100mg/kg of Mercury and 400mg/kg of Ethanolic extract of Solanum torvum and Group F received 400mg/kg of Ethanolic extract of Solanum torvum and 100mg/kg of Mercury. The administration was done daily via oral gavage and lasted for 21 days. Biochemical parameters including serum urea, creatinine, uric acid, and sperm indices (motility, count, morphology) were analyzed. Histological examination of kidney and testes tissues was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. The animals were anaesthetized with diethyl ether in an enclosed container, after 24 hours of the last administered dose of Ethanolic leave extract of Solanum torvum, the kidney and testes were harvested and stored in 10% Formal saline as a preservative in a container before taking to histopathologist. Serum was retrieved after spinning of the blood sample using a centrifuge and analyzed for serum creatinine, uric and urea. Mercury exposure led to significant increases in serum urea and creatinine, reduced sperm quality, and marked histological damage to both the kidney and testes. Treatment with S. torvum extract, particularly at 400 mg/kg, significantly restored renal and testicular function, improved sperm parameters, and ameliorated histopathological alterations in a dose-dependent manner. Ethanolic extract of Solanum torvum exhibits protective and restorative potential against mercury-induced renal and testicular toxicity. These findings support its ethnomedicinal use and warrant further research into its bioactive compounds for therapeutic applications.

Keywords: Solanum torvum, Mercury, Histology, Wistar rats, Biochemical.

Title: BIOCHEMICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF Solanum torvum ON MERCURY INDUCED KIDENEY AND TESTES TOXICITY ON ADULT WISTAR RATS

Author: Molokwu Victor Chukwudubem, Elizabeth Obioma Nweke, Ezeokafor Emmanuel Nonso, Anyiam Kennedy Ekenedirichukwu

International Journal of Recent Research in Life Sciences (IJRRLS)

ISSN 2349-7823

Vol. 12, Issue 3, July 2025 - September 2025

Page No: 20-25

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 11-September-2025

Abstract: Mercury is a heavy metal recognized for its toxic effects on vital organs, particularly the liver and gastrointestinal tract. Solanum torvum, is traditionally valued for its medicinal properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to assess the protective effects of ethanolic extract of Solanum torvum on mercury-induced liver and stomach toxicity in adult male Wistar rats. Thirty-five rats were randomly divided into six groups. Group A served as control; Group B received 100 mg/kg of Solanum torvum extract; Group C received 100 mg/kg of mercury chloride; Group D received 100 mg/kg mercury for 1 week followed by 200 mg/kg extract for 2 weeks; Group E received 100 mg/kg mercury for 1 week followed by 400 mg/kg extract for 2 weeks; and Group F received 400 mg/kg extract for 2 weeks followed by 100 mg/kg mercury for 1 week. Administration was via oral gavage over 21 days. Liver enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP), relative organ weights, and histological features of the liver and stomach were evaluated. Mercury exposure (Group C) resulted in elevated AST levels and increased relative stomach weight, indicating tissue injury and inflammation. Treatment with Solanum torvum, particularly in Groups D and F, moderated these effects, with observable stabilization of liver enzymes and stomach weight. Histological analyses revealed dose-dependent improvements in liver and stomach architecture in treated groups. These findings confirm the protective role of Solanum torvum against mercury-induced hepatic and gastric toxicity.

Keywords: Solanum torvum, Mercury, Liver toxicity, Wistar rats, Therapeutic.

Title: BIOCHEMICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF Solanum torvum ON MERCURY INDUCED LIVER AND STOMACH TOXICITY ON ADULT WISTAR RATS

Author: Maduanusi Chinaecherem Ogochukwu, Elizabeth Obioma Nweke, Ezeokafor Emmanuel Nonso, Anyiam Kennedy Ekenedirichukwu

International Journal of Recent Research in Life Sciences (IJRRLS)

ISSN 2349-7823

Vol. 12, Issue 3, July 2025 - September 2025

Page No: 14-19

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 09-August-2025

Abstract: Grains legumes including the mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] are the important source of dietary protein for exponentially growing population in developing countries. In an attempt to generate the variability for selection of desirable variants/mutants the seeds of mung bean variety PDM-11 were irradiated at 15, 25 and 35 Krad doses of gamma radiation and the effect of mutagen on various parameters viz. germination, survival, plant height, stem perimeter, branches per plant, nodes per plant, number of leaves, leaf lamina width, leaf lamina length, number of clusters, pods per cluster, number of pods, pod length, seeds per pod, 100 seed weight, yield per plant, pollen fertility and nodules per plant in order to study the effect of mutagen over two generations. Data were subjected to statistical analysis for calculation of Actual mean +S.E. followed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) to test the significance of mean difference due to treatment (Table 1 and 2). T-test was performed to determine the significance of difference between the treatments.

Keywords: Gamma radiation, mutants, Mutagen, Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek.

Title: Gamma Ray Induced Variability in Mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] Var.PDM-11

Author: Dr. Ranu Shukla

International Journal of Recent Research in Life Sciences (IJRRLS)

ISSN 2349-7823

Vol. 12, Issue 3, July 2025 - September 2025

Page No: 8-13

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 04-August-2025

Abstract: The preservation of meat products remain a significant challenge due to their high perishability and susceptibility to microbial contamination and oxidative spoilage. In response to growing concerns over the health implications of synthetic preservatives, this study aimed to assess the efficacy of some locally available natural spices; ginger (Zingiber officinale) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) in extending the shelf life of meat. The fresh raw meat were divided into four parts. Three parts were treated with ginger, turmeric, combination of ginger and turmeric respectively. The other part was the control part, which was treated with water alone. The meat samples were kept at room temperature for 72hours and at every 24hours the meat samples were assessed. The stored meat samples were grinded and inoculated into nutrient agar, mannitol salt, macconkey, salmonella shigella and potato dextrose agar respectively and were incubated at 37℃ for 24hours except for PDA which was incubated at 30℃ for 7days. The isolates were identified phenotypically including morphological, biochemical test, Gram staining and genotypic characterization including DNA extraction using ZR Fungal/Bacterial DNA MINIPREP, Electrophoresis, 16SrRNA gene amplification and sequencing. The results revealed the isolates as Salmonella enterica and Staphylococcus aureus. The meat samples treated with all the assayed samples including their combination, exhibited a significant reduction in microbial growth and lipid oxidation compared to untreated controls sample at p< 0.05. The natural preservatives also helped in maintaining desirable sensory qualities throughout the storage the storage periods. Among all treatments, the combined spices showed the most effective performance in inhibiting spoilage and extending shelf life giving ≥ 0.1 X 10⁴ CFU/ml. These findings support the potential application of these spices especially in their combined form in both rural and commercial settings where refrigeration is limited, offering a natural, affordable and accessible solution to meat spoilage.

Keywords: Curcuma Longa, Efficacy, Meat, Preservation, Shelf life, Zingiber Officinale.

Title: ASSESSEMENT OF THE EFFICACY OF ZINGIBER OFFICINALE AND CURCUMA LONGA IN SHELF LIFE EXTENSION OF MEAT

Author: Ujunwa Felicia Nwachukwu, Ebele Mediatrix Nzekwe, Tochukwu Gloria Onah

International Journal of Recent Research in Life Sciences (IJRRLS)

ISSN 2349-7823

Vol. 12, Issue 3, July 2025 - September 2025

Page No: 1-7

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 28-July-2025