Indexing

Abstract: Most nations have outlawed the use of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), a group of chemical substances that are classified as persistent organic pollutants (POP). They were mostly utilised in paint, retardants, plasticizers, lubricants, transformers, and capacitors. PCBs can be released into the atmosphere from primary and secondary sources. They are transported over great distances by the atmosphere, and as a result, have been found all over the world. PCBs were tested in soil near transformer installations at various sites in Uview local government area (LGA) in the metropolis of Warri, Delta state, Nigeria. The evaluation was done using three different Agilent 6975 GC-MS systems for both total PCBs and congeners. The soil samples were cleaned and concentrated by column chromatography utilising silica gel and hexane as the eluting solvent. The soil samples were extracted with 1:1 hexane-acetone in an ultrasonic bath. The Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA) of the United States permits a maximum PCB concentration of 2.0 mg/kg, but the results show that all areas were polluted with PCBs below this limit, with the following values for Enerhen (1.146 ± 0.023), Ogbomoro (0.340 ± 0.28) and Ekpan (0.225 ± 0.320) in mg/kg. The total cancer risk calculated by adding the cancer risks from ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact in these particular locations corresponds to Enerhen (4.2×10⁻⁶), Ogbomoro (1.25×10⁻⁶), and Ekpan (8.26×10⁻⁷), and it was found that all of these locations have extremely low to low cancer risks compared to the value advised by the TSCA.

Keywords: Transformer, Warri, Carcinogenicity, PCBs, Soil, Uvwie.

Title: Carcinogenicity and Distribution of PCBs in Soil from Electrical Transformers Installation Sites in Uvwie Local Government Area, Delta State, Nigeria

Author: Ijenyo, E. F, Okoro D.

International Journal of Recent Research in Physics and Chemical Sciences (IJRRPCS)

ISSN 2350-1030

Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2023 - September 2023

Page No: 41-51

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 16-September-2023

Abstract: In this paper, based on Jumarie type of Riemann-Liouville (R-L) fractional calculus and a new multiplication of fractional analytic functions, we study an improper fractional integral. Moreover, our result is a generalization of traditional calculus result.

Keywords: Jumarie type of R-L fractional calculus, new multiplication, fractional analytic functions, improper fractional integral.

Title: Research on an Improper Fractional Integral

Author: Chii-Huei Yu

International Journal of Recent Research in Physics and Chemical Sciences (IJRRPCS)

ISSN 2350-1030

Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2023 - September 2023

Page No: 37-40

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 12-August-2023

Abstract: The field of organogermanium in chemistry becomes important as Germanium compounds have a low mammalian toxicity and show activity against certain bacteria, which makes them useful as chemotherapeutic agents. Consideration is given to the use of organogermanium compounds (OGCs) in the development of biologically active pharmaceuticals with distinct features and a variety of pharmacological effects, such as the Panaxel drug family and the Germavit mineral vitamin complex. New biologically active materials for medical technologies have been created based on OGC, including bandages, dental floss, and surgical sutures for retention. OGC's biological activity also enables its application in the fragrance and cosmetics sectors. The present review covers the design and synthesis of Organogermanium compounds along with their biological activities. The review provides an overview of the various synthesis techniques for the synthesis of Organogermanium compounds and the synthesized compounds are further characterized by using various spectroscopic techniques like NMR, IR, XRD, and UV Visible etc. The fully characterized compounds are further evaluated for their biological activities and all the compounds shows good biological activities like antimicrobial, cytotoxicity, antitumor etc.

Keywords: Antioxidant, Bacteria, Biological activities, Organogermanium and Pathogens.

Title: ORGANOGERMANIUM COMPOUNDS: DESIGN, SYNTHESIS, LIGATION PROPERTIES AND OPPORTUNITY IN CHEMICAL BIOLOGY

Author: Annu Devi, Mamta, Anita Phor, J.S. Phor, Ashu Chaudhary

International Journal of Recent Research in Physics and Chemical Sciences (IJRRPCS)

ISSN 2350-1030

Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2023 - September 2023

Page No: 27-36

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 22-July-2023

Abstract: In this study, volatile oil was extracted from matured leaves of Calotropis procera plant using standard procedures. GC-MS analysis revealed Pregn-4enetrione, 2,2 - Bischorophenlypropane, Cercosporin, Lycoxanthin, O-Acetyl Anodendroside and 4 –Isopropylidene bisdibromophenoxy with %Area values of 26.05%, 22.33%, 13.70%, 12.33%, 13.70% and 12.33% respectively as the chemical components of the volatile oil. The order of their composition in the volatile oil were Pregn-4enetrione >2,2- Bischorophenyl propane > Cercosporin=O-Acetyl Anodendroside > Lycoxanthin = 4-Isopropylidenebisdibromophenoxy with Pregn-4enetrione and 2,2- Bischorophenyl propane detected in higher amounts than other chemical components in volatile oil of Calotropis procera leaf. The present study showed that volatile oil from Calotropis procera leaf contained some chemical components of biochemical, physiological and pathological importance. Isolation and characterization of each chemical component detected in the present study in animal model are recommended for further study.

Keywords: GC-MS, volatile oil, chemical, Calotropis procera, importance.

Title: DETERMINATION OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF VOLATILE OIL OBTAINED FROM Calotropis procera LEAF THROUGH GC-MS ANALYSIS

Author: Ajiboso, S.O.

International Journal of Recent Research in Physics and Chemical Sciences (IJRRPCS)

ISSN 2350-1030

Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2023 - September 2023

Page No: 20-26

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 15-July-2023

Abstract: Crystals respond to perturbations like displacement, electric field and stress. The responses are described by properties like dielectric constant, polarization, phonon frequency and so on. Phonons defined as periodic excitation  in solids are seen as acoustic waves. Most important phonon applications use frequencies that are higher than those human can hear. High frequency phonons are used for imaging of many things. The study of phonon frequencies of different solids is therefore essential. Although phonon frequency of many materials have been investigated, phonon frequencies of divalent metal mixed fluorides seem to be missing in the literatures. This paper deals with the calculation of phonon frequencies of mixed divalent metal fluorides by using Density Functional Pertubation Theory (DFPT) within the Generalized Gradient Approximations. Phonon frequencies of some constituent binary fluorides are calculated and compared with experimental values, reasonable agreement is found. Infrared and Raman active phonons of nine ternary alloys (Ca_xCd_1-xF₂, Ca_xMg_1-xF₂ and Ca_xSr_1-xF₂) with composition range 0<x<1are investigated. Each alloy has 36 distinct phonon modes at the center (Γ) of the Brillouin zone. There are 36 phonon modes which are divided into Raman active, Infrared active, Acoustic and Silent phonon modes.Frequencies of the acoustic and optical phonons of the alloys investigated at Γ point are of the order of 10¹²Hz, indicating their usefulness in building phonon lasers that emit sound in much the same way that optical lasers emit light. The limitation of this research is that there seems to be no experimental data to compare the phonon frequencies of the mixed ternary fluoride alloys with. However, this research can be used as a reference data.

Keywords: Phonons, Ternary Fluorides, Density Functional Pertubation Theory, Phonon frequency.          

Title: Zone Center Phonon Frequencies of Ternary Mixed Fluorides

Author: A. B. Olanipekun

International Journal of Recent Research in Physics and Chemical Sciences (IJRRPCS)

ISSN 2350-1030

Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2023 - September 2023

Page No: 10-19

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 03-June-2023

Abstract: Waste generation during oil and gas operations in the Nigerian petroleum industry has created serious health and environmental pollution problems for the host communities in particular and the country at large. This research identified the various types of petroleum wastes and their sources, the effects of these waste products on the environment and the eco-system. Also the waste treatment and management practices in the oil and gas industries was examined. Most importantly, the best suitable and cost effective methods for handling these wastes products generated in the course of running oil and gas operations is made known for future reference.

Keywords: Waste management, Hazardous, Liquefaction, Hydrocarbon, Pollution, Downstream, Proactive, Habitat.

Title: THE EFFECTS OF POOR WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRIES. A CASE STUDY OF THE EMENE PETROLEUM DEPOT IN ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA

Author: Nnaji Gabriel Onyebuchi

International Journal of Recent Research in Physics and Chemical Sciences (IJRRPCS)

ISSN 2350-1030

Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2023 - September 2023

Page No: 7-9

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 29-April-2023

Abstract: This study investigated the heavy metals content of Lagos lagoon Lagos state for its suitability for industrial, agriculture and aquacultural utility. It was an ex-post facto research that answered 3 research questions and tested a hypothesis. The research area Lagos Lagoon was mapped into 5 research zones, water samples were collected from 5 sampling spots in each sampling zone, bulked, composites drawn and fixed with HNO₃ and taken to the laboratory for analysis. The analytical standard adopted was USEPA 61060 and the analytical instrument deployed for the determination of the heavy metals is Agilent ICP model 7900. The mean results obtained were: Cd; 0.01±0.12 mg/l, Cr, 0.02±0.14 mg/l, Pb, 0.02±0.03 mg/l, V 0.01±0.01 mg/l and Hg; 0.01±0.04 mg/l. The mean results obtained were subjected to test of significance with ANOVA deploying SPSS model 29 at 0.05 level of significance. The p-value was 0.06 thus accepting H_{o, thus} . The study recommend that the environmental mentoring agencies  responsible for monitoring the operation of Lagos lagoon should continue to keep surveillance on the industries operating of industries the lagoon so that the lagoon environment will continue to remain pristine man’s continuous utility. 

Keywords: Industries, wastes discharge, heavy metals, Lagos-lagoon.

Title: ANALYSIS OF THE HEAVY METALS CONTENT OF LAGOS LAGOON LAGOS NIGERIA

Author: Ogwu C., Abvbunudiogba, R. E., Ogune, P., Aloamaka, T. A.

International Journal of Recent Research in Physics and Chemical Sciences (IJRRPCS)

ISSN 2350-1030

Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2023 - September 2023

Page No: 1-6

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 01-April-2023